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District of Columbia

ESOEffective date unknown

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Agencies

Facilities

524

Required Elements

251

Custom Elements

Surveillance

2/4

Surveillance Capabilities

2/4 tracked

Opioid Incident Tracking

TRACKED

State captures whether EMS incidents are opioid-related

Element IDs: OD1_v1, OD4_v1, OD5_v1

Naloxone Administration

TRACKED

State tracks pre-arrival naloxone administration

Trauma Activation

NOT TRACKED

State captures trauma activation level (Red/Yellow/No activation)

Homeless Patient Status

NOT TRACKED

State tracks patient homeless status at time of call

Population & Density

Population

678,972

Agencies per 100k

2.36

#45 of 51 states

Pop. Density

11122.0/sq mi

Land Area

61 sq mi

Source: US Census Bureau ACS 2023

Healthcare Access

Primary Care Shortage

High

18.9

156 designated areas

Mental Health Shortage

High

16.6

53 designated areas

Severity score (0-25) is the key comparison metric. Area counts vary by state size and include geographic, population-based, and facility designations.

Source: HRSA Bureau of Health Workforce 2024

Medicare Reimbursement (2025)

Ranked #1 of 51 states

ALS1

$613.33

BLS

$322.80

SCT

$1049.11

View full reimbursement data

EMS Wages

Compare all states

Paramedic Median#2 of 50

$80,950/year

EMT Median#11 of 51

$45,920/year

410 employed

Source: BLS OEWS May 2024

Custom Elements (94)

Element ID↑	Label	Type	Section	Values
`AIRTXP1`	Time Request Initiated	Single select	Air Transport Utilization	0
`AIRTXP2`	Request made prior to arrival on scene?	Single select	Air Transport Utilization	0
`AIRTXP3`	Clinical Indication	Single select	Air Transport Utilization	4
`AIRTXP4`	Unit/Service Transferred To	Single select	Air Transport Utilization	19
`AIRTXP5`	Did a DCFEMS member assist with patient care during air medical transport to the hospital?	Single select	Air Transport Utilization	2
`AIRTXP6`	If Yes, name of FEMS provider/unit assignment	Single select	Air Transport Utilization	0
`AIRTXP7_v1`	Destination of helicopter	Single select	Air Transport Utilization	30
`AIRTXP8`	Time Helicopter Landed on Scene	Single select	Air Transport Utilization	0
`AIRTXP9`	Time Helicopter Arrived at Hospital	Single select	Air Transport Utilization	0
`Care transferred to`	Care transferred to	Single select	—	358
`CM1`	Controlled Medication ID Number	Single select	—	0
`CM2`	Red Seal Number	Single select	—	0
`CM3`	Controlled Medications Box Number	Single select	—	0
`CM4`	Waste Returned Amount	Single select	—	0
`CM5`	Waste Returned Dose Units	Single select	—	2
`CM6`	Evidence Bag Number	Single select	—	0
`Component`	Component	Single select	—	2
`CQI2`	CQI/Peer Review Request?	Multi-select	CQI Referral	2
`CQI3`	Reason for CQI/Peer Review request	Multi-select	CQI Referral	4
`CQI4`	Please describe the reason for referral	Single select	CQI Referral	0
`dtxUnitCapability`	Unit Capability	Single select	—	5
`EMS1`	How was supervisor added to run?	Single select	EMS Supervisor	3
`EMS2`	What action did the supervisor take?	Multi-select	EMS Supervisor	15
`EMS3`	Did supervisor transport with units to the hospital?	Single select	EMS Supervisor	4
`ePatient.18.custom`	Patient Phone Number	Single select	—	0
`extend_eDisposition.27`	Extended eDisposition.27	Single select	—	1
`extend_eDisposition.28`	Extended eDisposition.28	Single select	—	1
`extend_eDisposition.29`	Extended eDisposition.29	Single select	—	1
`FAC1`	Reason facility requested transfer	Multi-select	Response to Healthcare Facility	18
`FAC2`	Did facility staff accompany for transport?	Single select	Response to Healthcare Facility	2
`FAC3`	Category	Single select	Response to Healthcare Facility	3
`FAC4`	Full Name and Title of Sending MD/PA/NP	Single select	Response to Healthcare Facility	0
`FAC6`	Was patient on ventilator?	Single select	Response to Healthcare Facility	2
`FAC7_v1`	Response to a healthcare facility?	Single select	Response to Healthcare Facility	2
`LANG1`	Main language used by the patient	Single select	Language	9
`LANG2`	What methods were utilized to communicate with the patient?	Multi-select	Language	8
`LE1`	Was law enforcement present on scene?	Single select	Law Enforcement Presence	2
`LE2`	What actions did they take?	Multi-select	Law Enforcement Presence	18
`LE3`	Select agency	Multi-select	Law Enforcement Presence	31
`LE4`	Was the patient left on scene with law enforcement?	Single select	Law Enforcement Presence	2
`LE5`	Law Enforcement Badge/ID #	Single select	Law Enforcement Presence	0
`LTOWB1`	Indication	Multi-select	wholeBloodTransfusion	2
`LTOWB2`	Type of Consent	Single select	wholeBloodTransfusion	4
`LTOWB3`	ISBT Donation Number	Single select	wholeBloodTransfusion	0
`LTOWB4`	Transfusion Start	Single select	wholeBloodTransfusion	0
`LTOWB5`	Transfusion End	Single select	wholeBloodTransfusion	0
`LTOWB6`	Transfusion Reaction?	Single select	wholeBloodTransfusion	2
`LTOWB7`	Transfusion Reaction Signs/Symptoms	Multi-select	wholeBloodTransfusion	5
`LTOWB8`	Field Transfusionist (WBT)	Single select	wholeBloodTransfusion	8
`LTOWB9`	Field Transfusionist Assistant (Full Name)	Single select	wholeBloodTransfusion	0
`NTL1`	Was NTL contacted?	Multi-select	Nurse Triage Line	2
`NTL3`	Nurse ID Number	Single select	Nurse Triage Line	0
`NTL5_v1`	NTL Disposition	Single select	Nurse Triage Line	3
`NTL6`	Care site/clinic name	Single select	Nurse Triage Line	34
`NTL7`	Transportation Method	Single select	Nurse Triage Line	4
`NTL8`	NTL Comments	Single select	Nurse Triage Line	0
`NTL9`	Why was NTL not contacted?	Multi-select	Nurse Triage Line	14
`OCME1`	Patient meets deceased criteria outlined in one of the following four protocols	Single select	Transport to OCME	4
`OCME2`	Special scene factor that prevented leaving the deceased on scene in police custody	Single select	Transport to OCME	2
`OCME3`	Name of EMS Supervisor Approving	Single select	Transport to OCME	0
`OCME4`	Lead Law Enforcement Officer Affiliation	Single select	Transport to OCME	7
`OCME5`	Name/Badge Number of Lead Law Enforcement Officer	Single select	Transport to OCME	0
`OCME6`	Name/ID of OCME Employee Custody of Body Transferred To	Single select	Transport to OCME	0
`OD1_v1`	Do you suspect this patient is suffering from an opioid (heroin, fentanyl, or narcotic) overdose?	Single select	Opioid Crisis	2
`OD2_v1`	Was a Bystander Naloxone Kit left at this scene?	Single select	Opioid Crisis	3
`OD3_v1`	How many kits were distributed?	Single select	Opioid Crisis	9
`OD4_v1`	Did the patient report having a previous opioid overdose?	Single select	Opioid Crisis	3
`OD5_v1`	Have you (the provider) previously encountered this patient as a suspected opioid overdose?	Single select	Opioid Crisis	3
`PB1`	Patient Belongings	Multi-select	Patient Belongings	16
`PB2`	Patient Belongings Other/Description	Single select	Patient Belongings	0
`PB3`	Patient Belongings Left With	Single select	Patient Belongings	6
`PB4`	Other Location of Belongings	Single select	Patient Belongings	0
`PDOA_datetime`	PDOA Date/Time of Death	Single select	PDOA	0
`PDOA_incareof`	PDOA Body left in care of (MPD or other LE badge# or healthcare provider name)	Single select	PDOA	0
`PDOA_otherphysician`	PDOA Other Physician	Single select	PDOA	0
`PDOA_physician`	PDOA Physician Declaring Death	Single select	PDOA	2
`PDOA_primary`	PDOA Primary Criteria (All must be met):	Multi-select	PDOA	3
`PDOA_secondary`	PDOA Secondary Criteria	Multi-select	PDOA	12
`pronouncingphysician`	Physician Pronouncing Patient Dead First and Last Name	Single select	—	0
`pronouncingphysicianfacility`	Pronouncing Physician Facility	Single select	—	11
`SCMIHT1`	Refer this patient to Street Calls?	Single select	SCMIHT1	2
`SCMIHT2`	Describe reason for referral to Street Calls	Single select	SCMIHT1	0
`STROKE1`	Last Known Well (LKW)	Single select	Suspected Stroke	0
`STROKE10`	Other Signs/Symptoms (select all that apply)	Multi-select	Suspected Stroke	9
`STROKE11`	Suspected Stroke?	Single select	Suspected Stroke	2
`STROKE2`	Symptom Onset	Single select	Suspected Stroke	0
`STROKE3`	Witness Name	Single select	Suspected Stroke	0
`STROKE4_v1`	Witness Contact Number	Single select	Suspected Stroke	0
`STROKE5`	Was the witness transported with the patient?	Single select	Suspected Stroke	4
`STROKE6`	FAST: Facial Droop	Single select	Suspected Stroke	3
`STROKE7`	FAST: Arm Drift	Single select	Suspected Stroke	3
`STROKE8`	FAST: Speech	Single select	Suspected Stroke	2
`STROKE9`	FAST: Total	Single select	Suspected Stroke	5
`TraumaCenterCriteriaResult`	Trauma Center Criteria Result	Single select	—	3

Formulary

377 total medications across 8 cert levels

Medications

—

Procedures

Certification Level

Critical Care Transport Paramedic

Note: Medication codes are stored as RxNorm/SNOMED codes. Drug name resolution coming in a future update.

Agencies

16 registered agencies

A-Always Enterprises, Inc.

1026

All American Ambulance

1014

AMR

1001

Butler Medical Transport

1019

Children's National

1002

DC Department of Health EMS Office

0000

DCFEMS

1003

Emergency Medical Response Group (GW EMS)

1005

Georgetown EMS (GERMS)

1004

GW MFA Operational Medicine

1021

Lifestar Response of Maryland

1007

MedSTAR Transport

1008

ProCare Ambulance of MD

1020

SEMS - Special Events Medical Services

1010

STAT MedEvac

1011

Vesper Medical Transport of Washington DC

1030

Facilities

524 registered facilities across 6 types

Required Elements

251 required elements across 25 sections